选必一第一单元教案

Unit 1   People of achievement

Reading and Thinking（2课时）

教学目标与核心素养：

知识目标：引导学生了解屠呦呦的经历。

能力目标：运用阅读技巧，理清文章脉络，把握文章主要内容。

情感目标：帮助学生辩证地看待问题，了解成功的背后有多方面的原因。

教学重难点

教学重点：指导学生了解、熟悉专题新闻报道的语篇特征，掌握按时间顺序叙述人物经历的方法。

教学难点：引导学生积极探索屠呦呦获得成功的多方面原因。

课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔

教学过程：

第一课时：

1、 新学年要求

2、词汇预习到   flow chart

第二课时：

一、Pre-reading

1. Greeting

2. Leading-in

教师活动：

教师引导学生介绍自己了解的科学家，展开头脑风暴，同时把科学家的性格和特质列出。

二、 While- reading

1. 教师活动：教师通过提问引导学生看标题和图片，判断文章类型与出处，预测文章内容。

Look at the title and the pictures on page 2. Where would you most likely read this passage?

What do you think will be talked about?

2. 学生活动：阅读文章，回答下列问题。

（1）Where would you most likely find this passage?

A In a blog B In a book. C In a letter. D In a newspaper.

（2）Passages like this are most often written in __________ and __________.

A the active voice/offer many opinions

B the first person/talk about feelings

C both active and passive voices/mostly contain facts

（3）Which two pieces of information were not included in the passage?

A A quote from Tu Youyou.

B The details of how artemisinin was discovered

C Tu Youyou's important contributions other than the discovery of artemisinin.

D Tu Youyou's personal life.

E Tu Youyou's road to discovering artemisinin.

F What Tu Youyou was awarded.

G Why artemisinin is an important discovery

参考答案：（1）D （2）C （3）C；D

3. 教师活动：教师引导学生完成下列表格，总结各段大意。

Paragraph   Main idea   

1   The event and the significance of the discovery   

2 and 3   The research   

4   The significance of the event   

1 and 4   The "news"   

2 and 3   The "story"   

4. 学生活动：学生回答活动四的三个问题，列举语篇中的数据极其对应的内容。

What numbers are mentioned in the text? What do they suggest?

参考答案：There are three types of numbers.

1) 200 million; 600, 000; 100,000

These numbers suggest that the malaria is a serious disease and artemisinin is very important for curing the disease.

2)1930; 1955; 1967; 1969; 1971

These numbers give a clear track of Tu youyou's life and research.

3)2,000; 280,000; 380; 190

These numbers suggest the difficulty of Tu Youyou's study.

5. 教师活动：引导学生完成活动四剩下的三个问题。

（1）Why is the discovery of artemisinin important?

Because malaria is a kind of deadly disease, and artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000lives a year in Africa alone.

（2）What was the key to getting a good extract from the wormwood?

The key to getting a good extract from the wormwood is using a lower temperature to draw out the extract.

（3）Why is Tu Youyou considered a great person?

Tu Youyou is considered a great scientist for two reasons. The first is that she has devoted herself to the study of the cure of malaria, and the second is that she has owed the success of artemisinin to the team not herself.

三、After-reading

学生活动： 学生结成小组，讨论并完成活动5：

参考答案：over 2,000 old medical texts; 280,000 plants for their medical properties→using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever→a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect→boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria; this did not work→lower temperature to draw out →on themselves→malaria patients→a standard treatment

四、Summary

重点词汇：vital，commit，distinct，acknowledge，conclude，insist

重点句型：过去分词作定语；不定式（短语）作目的状语

作业布置：复习并掌握重点词汇和句型。

五、Homework

Write a short passage to describe what you have learnt about Tu Youyou.

Language Points   （2课时）

教学目标与核心素养：

知识目标：学习本单元中的重点语言知识。

能力目标：掌握并熟练运用所学的知识。

情感目标：英语的知识点繁杂切零碎，一定要花点时间学习并掌握。

教学重难点

教学重难点：Reading中的重点单词及句型。。

重点词汇   1.physiology n.生理学；生理机能 2.crucial   adj.至关重要的；关键性的 3.vital   adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 4.commit vt.承诺；保证(某个人、机构等) vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)5.academic adj.学业的；学术的 6.objective   n.目标；目的 adj.客观的 7.botanical   adj.植物学的 8.evaluate   vt.评价；评估 9.property   n.性质；特征；财产 10.distinct   adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的 11.boil    vt.&vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n.沸腾；沸点12.liquid   n.液体 adj.液体的；液态的 13.obtain   vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行14.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 15.defeat    n.失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜 16.analyse    vt.分析 17.apparently   adv.显而易见；看来；显然 18.substance   n.物质；物品；事实根据 19.insist    vi.&vt. 坚持；坚决要求 20.scientific   adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的 21.mostly   adv.主要地；一般地   

重点短语   1.make a discovery 发现 2.lead to       导致；引导 3.die from      死于……4.graduate from   从……毕业 5.in the fight against 同……作斗争 6.by chance      偶然地 7.draw out       取出；拟定；导致 8.insist on      坚持 9.be tested on    接受检测 10.according to   根据   

重点句式   1.Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.2.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine...”   

课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔

教学过程：

知识点01 重点词汇

Point 1   crucial

教材P2》This year's Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin   ,a crucial new treatment for malaria.今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦（共同获奖者）,她的研究发现了青蒿素，这是一种治疗疟疾的关键新药物。

用法详解

crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的；决定性的

This aid money is crucial to the government's economic policies.

这笔援助金对政府的经济政策至关重要。

Consumer's confidence is crucial to an economic recovery.

消费者的信心是经济复苏的关键。

归纳拓展

be crucial to对……至关重要

play a crucial role/part in sth.在……（方面）起关键作用

be of crucial importance非常重要

a crucial period 关键时期

典例

根据汉语意思完成句子

(1)你的意见对这个计划至关重要。

Your opinion _________________________ the plan.

(2)在孩子们适龄时为他们提供应有的教育至关重要。

__________________________ to provide the children with efficient education suitable to their age.

(3)他的健康状况对我们来说至关重要。

His health_________________________________to us all.

参考答案

(1) is crucial to            (2) It is crucial           (3) is of crucial importance

Point   2   committed

教材P2》Tu Youyou,a committed and patient scientist,was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. 屠吻吻，一位坚定而耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日出生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。

用法详解

committed adj.坚定的，尽心尽力的

The party has a core of committed supporters.

该党派有一批坚定的支持者。

归纳拓展

commit v.承诺；保证；做（错事）;忠于→committed adj.坚定的，尽心尽力的→commitment n.承诺，投入，忠诚，奉献

commit oneself to sth./doing...=be committed to sth./doing...致力于……，以……为己任

The government has committed itself to improving the health service in the countryside.

政府已作出承诺要改善农村的医疗条件。

We are fully committed to Equal Opportunity policies.

我们完全支持机会均等政策。

特别提醒

词组中的to为介词，后接名词或动名词，类似的短语还有：

devote oneself to=be devoted to投身于……，致力于……

be addicted to对……上瘾，沉溺于……

be used to习惯于

look forward to 盼望，期待

典例

单句语法填空

(1)And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ___________________ (commit) Wilson made to preventing the preventable.

(2) He loved playing this instrument, and was committed to_____________________ (practice) it.

(3) He admits that recently he has become addicted to__________________ (play) online games.

(4) Neighbors devoted their spare time to______________________ (help) others rebuild homes.

参考答案

(1)commitment 句意：在非洲和亚洲，数千万人可以看到是因为威尔逊努力阻止可以被防止的事件发生。根据空前的“the”可知，此处需要用名词。

(2) practicing 句意：他喜欢演奏这种乐器并坚持练习。词组 be committed to 中的to为介词，后面需接动名词。

(3)playing   句意：他承认他最近沉迷于网络游戏。词组be/become addicted to中的to为介词，后面需接动名词。

(4)helping 句意：邻居们把自己的空闲时间用于帮助他人重建家园。词组devote...to...中的to为介词，后面需接动名词。

Point   3   objective

教材P2》In 1967,the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。

用法详解

(1)n.目标，目的（同：aim,purpose,goal)

Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives.

另一种设定实际目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标。

The company was formed in 1996, with the objective of providing a solution for urban wireless geolocation.

这个公司组建于1996年，目标是为城市无线定位提供解决方案。

(2)adj.客观的，公正的

It's hard to give an objective opinion about your own children.

对于自己的孩子很难给予客观的意见。

Scientists need to be objective when doing research.

科学家做研究时要客观。

归纳拓展

with the objective of...目的是……

achieve/meet an objective达到目标

set an objective 制定目标

main/primary objective 主要/首要目标

be objective about对……是客观的

objectively 客观地

典例

1.单句语法填空

(1) We simply want to inform people_________________   (objective) of the events.

(2) The method of analysis must be objective ___________________ evaluating accident rate.

2.根据汉语意思完成句子

(1)我们的主要目标是让这个孩子安然无恙地恢复健康。

______________________ was the recovery of the child safe and well.

(2)我认为一名记者应该完全客观。

I believe that a journalist_____________________ .

参考答案

1.(1) objectively 句意：我们只是想把事件客观地告诉人们。此处用副词修饰动词inform。

(2)about 句意：对于评价事故率的分析方法必须是客观的。be objective about 对……是客观的。

2. (1) Our main objective          (2) should be completely objective

Points   4、5 evaluate; property

教材P2》Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts,and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties.她的团队查阅了2000多本古老的医学文献，并评估了28万种植物的医疗特性。

4. evaluate

用法详解

evaluate vt.评价，评估。常见搭配：

evaluate+how/whether...评估/评价如何/是否......

I can't evaluate his ability without seeing his work.

没看到他的工作情况，我无法评估他的能力。

We need to evaluate how well the method is working.

我们需要评估这一方法产生的效果。

归纳拓展

evaluation n.估计，评价

We need to carry out a proper evaluation of the new system.

我们需要对新系统进行合理的评估。

典例

单句语法填空

(1) I hear the students gave the new teacher an unfair _________________ (evaluate).

(2) It is widely acknowledged that students should be __________________ (evaluate) in terms of overall quality.

参考答案

(1) evaluation 句意：我听说学生们给了这位新老师一个不公平的评价。形容词后面需接名词。

(2)evaluated 句意：人们普遍认为应该根据学生的综合素质来评价他们。此句为被动语态，故用过去分词。

5. property

用法详解

(1)n.[C]性质；特征

A radio signal has both electrical and magnetic properties.

无线电信号既具有电的特性又具有磁的特性。

Wormwood is a plant with medical properties.

艾草是一种具有药用价值的植物。

(2)n.[U]财产，所有权；不动产；房地产

It is important that we should take good care of public property.爱护公物很重要。

Any property which does not sell within six weeks is overpriced.任何房产如果6周内还卖不出去就说明定价过高。

归纳拓展

property right 产权

intellectual property知识产权，著作权

典例

翻译句子

(1) Kids are not our property. They are free.

______________________________________________________________________________

(2) Compare the physical properties of the two substances.

______________________________________________________________________________

(3) The price of property has risen enormously.

______________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

(1)孩子不是我们的财产，他们是自由的。

(2)比较一下这两种物质的物理特性。

(3)房地产的价格大幅上升了。

Point   6   distinct

教材P2》From their research,they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.在研究中，他们发现并测试了380种不同的中国古代医疗方法，这些方法在抗击疟疾方面显示出了希望。

用法详解

distinct adj.清晰的，清楚的；有区别的，明显不同的

His voice was quiet but every word was distinct.

他说话声音不大，但字字清晰。

Although they look similar, these plants are actually quite distinct.

虽然这些植物看起来很相似，但它们实际上是截然不同的。

The package should be appealing enough to make it distinct from other lipsticks and attract consumers' attention.

包装应该具有足够的吸引力，使它有别于其他的口红，以吸引消费者的注意。

The African elephant is divided into two distinct species.

非洲象分为两个不同的种类。

归纳拓展

be distinct from 与……不同

distinguish v.区分，辨别

distinction n.差别，区别，不同

make/draw a distinction between A and B区别A和B distinctly adv.不同地，清楚地

distinctive adj.有特色的，与众不同的

典例

单句语法填空

(1)He pronounces____________________ (distinct).

(2) It wouldn't have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of__________________(distinct).

(3)The_____________________ between Chinese and Japanese is not so obvious that it is not easy to between people from the two countries. (distinct)

(4) Those two suggestions are quite distinct ___________________ each other.

参考答案

(1)distinctly 句意：他发音清晰。此处应用副词修饰动词。

(2) distinction 句意：并不需要太大的天赋，只要足以让她获得与众不同的感觉就行了。

介词of后用名词形式。

(3) distinction; distinguish 句意：中国人和日本人之间的差别不是很明显，以致很难区分这两个国家的人。

(4)from 句意：那两个建议截然不同。

Points   7、8   try doing; obtain

教材P2》 They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria,but this did not work either.然后，他们试着把新鲜的青蒿煮开，用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也不管用。

7. try doing

用法详解

try doing尝试做……（含有试试看的意味）

try to do 尽力，设法做……

John isn't here. Try phoning his home number.

约翰不在这里，试试打他家里的电话。

Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.

不要为成功而努力，而要为做一个有价值的人而努力。

辨析比较，try to do 与manage to do

易混词组   区别   例句   

  try to do      强调动作，不表示结果如何   I'll try to get downtown this afternoon but I don't know if I can make it.今天下午我想去市中心，但不知是否能去成。   

manage to do     强调结果，表示经过一番努力之后做成某事   How do you manage to stay so slim?你是怎么保持这么苗条的？   

归纳拓展

mean doing sth.意味着做某事

mean to do sth.打算做某事

regret doing sth.后悔做了某事（已做）

regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事（未做）

stop doing sth.停止做某事

stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事

remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做）

remember to do sth.记得要做某事（未做）

forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（已做）

forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（未做）

典例

1. 单句语法填空

(1) Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried_________________   (live) alone, but she didn't like it and moved back home.

(2) When he was 16, he tried __________________ (enter) university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores.

(3)I didn't mean ____________________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help trying it.

2.根据汉语意思完成句子

(1)尝试反其道而行之，看看会发生什么。

____________________________ the opposite and see what happens.

(2)老师们经常设法向学生灌输“岁月不待人”的思想。

Teachers often ____________________   rub into the pupils that time and tide wait for no man.

参考答案

1.(1)living try doing sth.尝试做某事。

(2) to enter try to do sth.设法/尽力做某事。

(3) to eat mean to do...打算做......

2. (1) Try doing                 (2) try to

8. obtain

用法详解

(1)vt.(尤指经努力）获得，赢得

obtain advice/information/permission 得到忠告/信息/许可

After she obtained a bachelor's degree, she went on with her study for a master's degree.

获得学士学位后，她继续学习争取（获得）硕士学位。

These national parks obtained financial support from tourist companies.这些国家公园得到了旅游公司的财力支持。

(2)vi.(规章、习俗等）存在，流行

These conditions no longer obtain.这些条件不再适用。

归纳拓展

obtainable(正式）adj.可获得的，能得到的

The form is obtainable at your local post office.

可在当地邮局获得该表格。

典例

单句语法填空

(1) The longer this situation_________________ (obtain), the more extensive the problems become.

(2)____________________   (obtain) her degree, she answered 81 questions on over 10 papers.

(3) I'm afraid that the record you asked for is no longer ____________________ (obtain).

参考答案

(1)obtains句意：这种局面持续的时间越长，问题波及的范围就越大。

(2)To obtain 句意：为了获得学位，她回答了10多页纸上的81个问题。to obtain表目的。

(3)obtainable 做表语应该用形容词形式。

Point   9   acknowledge

教材P2》However,Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.然而，屠呦呦并不承认失败。

用法详解

(1)u.承认（属实、权威等）

She refuses to acknowledge the need for reform.

她拒不承认改革的必要性。

He is widely acknowledged to be/as the best player in the world.普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。

(2)u.(公开）感谢、答谢

I gratefully acknowledge financial support from several local businesses.我对本地几家企业的资助表示感谢。

归纳拓展

acknowledge...to be/as...承认......是/为......

be acknowledged to be/as...被认为是......

acknowledge doing/having done sth.承认做了某事

It is widely acknowledged that...普遍认为……

acknowledgement n.承认；致谢，鸣谢

辨析比较acknowledge, recognize 与 admit

典例

1.判断下列句子中acknowledge的含义

(1) If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.________________________

(2)I would like to acknowledge all the help I have received from my family. _________________

2.一句多译

正如大家所公认的，除非我们创造一个污染更少的世界，否则我们不可能看到更蓝的天空。

(1)___________________ we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.(it做形式主语）

(2) _____________________,we can never expect a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world.(定语从句）

3.根据汉语意思完成句子

(1)没有确凿的证据，他拒绝承认偷了那位女士的钱包。

With no solid evidence, he refused to _________________________ the lady's purse.

(2)普京被广泛地认为是全世界一位杰出的政治人物。

Putin ___________________________ an outstanding political figure all over the world.

参考答案

1.(1)(公开）承认（2)感谢

2.(1)It is acknowledged that         (2) As is acknowledged

3.(1)acknowledge/admit stealing     (2) is widely acknowledged to be/as

Point   10   analyse

教材P2》She analysed the medical texts again,and by chance,she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. 她又分析了一遍医学文献，偶然发现了一句话，建议用另一种方法来处理青蒿。

用法详解

analyse vt.分析

My tutor explained that I should read lots of different texts that contain different opinions and analyse what I read.

我的导师解释说，我应该阅读大量的有关不同观点的文章，并进行分析。

The job involves gathering and analysing the data.

这项工作包括搜集和分析资料。

归纳拓展

analysis(pl.analyses)n.分析

1.单句语法填空

(1)By ____________________________(analyse) the parts of the sentence we can learn more about English grammar.

(2) In the final _________________________ (analyse), I think our sympathy lies with the heroine of the play.

2.单项选择

The team are working hard to______________________   the problem so that they can find the best solution.

A. FaceB. preventC. raiseD.analyse

参考答案

1.(1)analysing 句意：通过分析句子成分，我们就能多了解一些英语语法。介词by后接动名词

(2)analysis 句意：总之，我认为我们都同情剧中的女主人公。in the last/final analysis 总之；归根结底。

2.D 句意：这个团队正努力分析这个问题，以便能找到最好的解决办法。face面对；prevent 阻止；raise提出；analyse分析。根据语境可知答案为D项。

Point   11   conclude

教材 P2 》 She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.她的结论是，煮青蒿显然破坏了它的医疗特性。

用法详解

conclude vt.得出结论

The scientists concluded from their research that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer.

科学家们从他们的研究中得出结论：地球变得越来越暖和了。

It can be concluded that restaurant keepers need not "be overly concerned about 'bad' tables," given that they're profitable.

我们可以得出这样的结论：考虑到餐馆的盈利能力，餐馆老板们不需要过分担心“不好”的桌子。

归纳拓展

conclude from...从……中推断出

conclusion n.结论；推论

draw/reach/come to/lead to a conclusion 得出结论

in conclusion 最后；总之

conclusive adj.结论性的，有说服力的

1.单句语法填空

(1) The research lacks solid evidence, and therefore, its __________________ (conclude) are

doubtful.

(2)___________________ conclusion, we have benefited from the activity.

2.翻译句子

我从自己的经历中得出一个结论：有志者，事竟成。

___________________________________________________________________________

3.单项选择

When the group discussion is nearing its end,make sure to___________ it with important points.

A. conclude         B. lead          C. avoid           D. hold

参考答案

1. (1) conclusions         (2)In in conclusion总之。

2. I drew/ reached/ came to/ led to a conclusion from my own experiences that where there is a will, there is a way.

3.A 句意：当小组讨论接近尾声时，一定要用要点来结束讨论。

Point   12   insist

教材P3》Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。

用法详解

(1)insist意为“坚决要求，坚决主张（做某事）”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用should do的形式。should可以省略。

I insist that you (should) take immediate action to put this right.

我坚决要求你立刻采取行动把这件事处理好。

(2)insist意为“坚持说；坚持认为”时，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。

The doctor insisted that the sick man was still at risk then.

医生坚持说这位病人当时仍然处于危险中。

All the doctors insisted that he was badly wounded and that he should be operated on at once.

所有的医生都坚称他受伤严重，并坚持要求他应该立刻接受手术。

归纳拓展

insist on sth.坚称某事；坚决要求某事

insist on doing sth.坚持要做某事

She kept insisting on her innocence.她再三坚称自己无罪。

I might fail, but anyhow I insist on doing it. I never lose heart.

我可能会失败，但无论怎样，我会坚持做的。我永不灰心。

典例

单句语法填空

(1) They insisted that we___________________   (send) to the countryside to work as practice teachers.

(2) His friends insisted he___________________ (have) no connection with drugs.

(3) He insisted that he___________________   (be) not ill, but the doctor insisted that he__________________medicine.

(4) That is not love, and you know it. Why do you insist on___________________ (call) it love?

参考答案

(1) should be sent句意：他们坚持要我们下乡当实习教师。

(2)had 句意：他的朋友们坚持认为他与毒品毫无关联。

(3)was;should take 句意：他坚持说他没有病，但医生坚持要他服药。

(4)calling 句意：那不是爱，你知道的。你为什么坚持称它为爱呢？insist on doing sth.坚持要做某事。

知识点02 重点句型

1. These will help you form a better impression of the subject described in the passage.这些（单词）将帮助你对文章中所描述的主题形成一个更好的印象。

...and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.

......屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。

... she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood……她（在文献中）发现了一句话，建议用另一种方式来处理青蒿。

句式剖析

以上三个句中“described,chosen,suggesting”都是分词在句中做定语，修饰前面的名词。

归纳拓展

(1)准确判定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系。

(2)准确判定非谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间，即是正在进行还是已经完成的。

The problem discussed at the last meeting was of great importance. 上次会议上讨论的问题很重要。

The problem being discussed now is of great importance.现在正在讨论的问题很重要。

The problem to be discussed at the next meeting is of great importance.在下次会议上讨论的问题很重要。

(1)They represent the earth______________________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginning.

(2) I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train_________________ (catch).

(3) No one can ignore the rich culture__________________ (date) back to ancient times changing into the modern age at a speed and scale that has never been witnessed.

参考答案

(1)coming 考查非谓语动词。the earth和come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以填coming。

(2)to catch 句意：开会时我一直盯着钟，因为我要赶火车。动词不定式表将要发生的动作。

(3)dating 句意：没有人能忽视古代丰富的文化以前所未有的速度和规模向现代转变。

culture 与 date back to之间是主谓关系，故填dating。

2.Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone.青蒿素已经成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分，据信每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的生命。

句式剖析

这是一个简单句，and连接两个谓语部分。

考点提炼

Sb./ Sth. be thought to ...

Sb./Sth.be thought to...人们认为/相信……，后接动词原形。

The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.鱼肉里的脂肪被认为有助于预防心脏病。

学法点拨

该句式还可以转换成 It is/was thought that...,用it做形式主语，that引导主语从句。

Until 1954 it was thought that no man could run one mile in less than four minutes.1954年以前，人们认为没人能在4分钟内跑完1英里。

归纳拓展

类似的句式还有：

Sb./Sth.be said/believed/reported to...据说/相信/报道......

It is said/believed/reported that...

He is said to be an artist./It is said that he is an artist.

据说他是个艺术家。

The accident is reported to have occurred on the first Sunday in February.= It is reported that the accident occurred on the first Sunday in February.据报道事故发生在二月的第一个星期日。

典例

1.单句写作

______________   ______________   _______________   _______________(据说）some normal universities offer some students free education on condition that they return to their hometown to work as teachers.=Some normal universities _____________   ____________   ____________ (据说）offer some students free education on condition that they return to their hometown to work as teachers.

2.单句语法填空

He is thought   ________________ (act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.

参考答案

1.It is said that;are said to 句意：据说一些师范大学为一些学生提供免费教育，条件是他们必须回到家乡当老师。

句意：人们认为他做了件蠢

2. to have acted

事。现在他丢掉工作只能怪他自己。根据句意可知，act的行为发生在thought之前，故用动词不定式的完成时。

3.Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said,“The honour is not just mine...”当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这个荣誉不仅仅属于我……”

句式剖析

本句中“Upon hearing…”为介词短语，用作时间状语；that引导的是宾语从句，做hearing的宾语。

考点提炼

upon doing 做时间状语

upon doing在句中用作时间状语，根据语境可译为“一……就……；当……时”。其中upon还可以换为介词on,并且由于upon与on都是介词，后面除了可用动词-ing形式，还可用名词形式。

In hot summer, people turn on the air-conditioner upon retuming home.在炎热的夏季，人们一回到家就开空调。

On arriving home I discovered they had gone.

我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。

Upon arrival at the classroom, we began to study immediately.

到了教室之后，我们就立刻开始学习。

典例

1.翻译句子

一听到这个悲伤的消息，她就哭了。

______________________________________________________________________________

2.单句语法填空

Upon _________________ (approach) the big rock, he stopped and laid down his burden, trying hard to move the stone to the side of the road.

参考答案

1. On hearing the sad news, she burst into tears.

2. approaching 句意：当他走近那块大石头时，他停下来，放下他的担子，努力把石头移到路边。介词upon后接动词-ing形式。

三、Homework

Finish the relative exercise in English weekly.

练习巩固    （1课时）

单句语法填空

1．It occurred to me that I could ask my cousin to help me ______(获得) a visa.

2．She _______(承认) having been cheated in the market.

3．It is difficult to______(评估) the damage to this village.

4．He sits down and______(分析) why she feels so upset.

5．He paused，______(显然地) lost in thought staring at the book.

6．She______（坚持） that I go to the library with her.

7．Although his wife is young，she has made wonderful ______（科学的） discoveries.

8．Reading is of ______（必要的） importance in language learning.

9．He ______ （关心）nobody but himself in the trip to Qingdao.

10．A group of thieves robbed the bank of ______（百万）dollars.

11．Many people_______ （死于）cholera in Europe in the last century.

12．One may make a mistake _______（偶然）but one can’t make mistakes all his life.

13．I think it is unwise that the company ______ （坚持）the high price.

14．She ______（专注于） the care of the patients.

15．The discovery of new evidence led to the thief ______(catch)．

16．He was ______(apparent)much surprised at the news.

17．Our leader insisted that we_______(carry) it out.

18．Some of the people_______(invite) to the party couldn’t come.

19．He learned the _______(distinct) between gold and lead.

20．This material is very rare and is also hard _______(obtain)．

21．The old man is more ______ our teacher；he’s also our friend.

22．______(science) research shows that women tend to survive their husbands by 5－10 years.

23．Zhang Guimei, a _______ educator, _______ herself to education. Her _______ was praised by people.(commit)

24．He _______ that Tom had helped him a lot so he wrote a letter in _______ of his help.(acknowledge)

25．As a child, he showed great interest in science and wanted to be a _______. Now he is committed to doing _______ researches. (science)

26．They _______ that the new virus is more dangerous. The scientific research supported the _______.(conclude)

27．Recovery from the disease is very _______.But as long as you insist on taking medicine, you will _______pick up.(gradual)

28．People try to prevent the global warming and its _______ damage to the earth._______,_people should take action quickly to avoid serious _______. (consequence)

限时训练及评讲（2课时）

一、阅读理解

（2019·北京·高考真题）Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business Ailie Candy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids’ teeth, instead of destroying them.

It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.

With her dad’s permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.

Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore’s product—CanCandy.

As CanCandy’s success grows, so does Moore’s credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.

Meanwhile, with her parents’ help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy’s profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.

1．How did Moore react to her dad’s warning?

A．She argued with him.B．She tried to find a way out.

C．She paid no attention.D．She chose to consult dentists.

2．What is special about CanCandy?

A．It is beneficial to dental health.B．It is free of sweeteners.

C．It is sweeter than other candies.D．It is produced to a dentists’ recipe.

3．What does Moore expect from her business?

A．To earn more money.B．To help others find smiles.

C．To make herself stand out.D．To beat other candy companies.

4．What can we learn from Alice Moore’s story?

A．Fame is a great thirst of the young.

B．A youth is to be regarded with respect.

C．Positive thinking and action result in success.

D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied

二、七选五               

（2022·河南安阳·高二期末）Characteristics of an excellent scientist

The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science.____5____ Let’s look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist.

Curiosity

An excellent scientist must be very curious about things. Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work.____6____

Patience

Becoming a scientist takes a long time. ____7____ Even if you think you have received some education on science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you’re an instant-gratification type of person, this may not be the best choice for you.

Ethical (道德的) qualities

In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people’s life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect one another in the long run. ____8____ Sticking to an old belief contradicted with evidence is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence.

Working habits

____9____He/She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed and also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new.

A．To make discoveries, you have to think differently.

B．There are very few jobs that take longer than this one.

C．It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods.

D．A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion.

E．One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory.

F．An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind.

G．Without a drive to ask questions or even wonder, a scientist will never get to the first stage of the scientific process.

三、完形填空             

（2022·四川雅安·三模）In 1946, 23-year-old John Goodenough headed to the University of Chicago. When he arrived with a dream of studying physics, a professor ____10____ him that he was already too old to succeed in the ____11____.

Recently, Dr. Goodenough ____12____ me that story and then laughed. He ____13____ the professor’s advice and at 94, caused a heated ____14____ in the tech industry with his strong creativity. He and his team ____15____ a patent(专利)on a new kind of battery that, if it ____16____ as promised, would be so cheap, lightweight and safe that it would change electric cars greatly and ____17____ petroleum (石油)-fueled vehicles. This was not the first time Dr. Goodenough had been ____18____ discussed. In 1980, at age 57, he coin vented the lithium-ion battery(锂电池). In 2019, he was _____19_____ the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

When I asked him about his late-life _____20_____ , he said, “Some of us are turtles(乌龟)；we crawl and _____21_____ along, and we haven’t maybe figured it out by the time we’re 30. But the turtles have to _____22_____walking.”

Dr. Goodenough started in physics and got _____23_____ with chemistry and materials science, while _____24_____keeping his eye on the social and political trends. “You have to draw on a fair amount of experience in order to be able to put_____25_____ together, ” he said, “I’m grateful for the _____26_____ that have been opened to me in different periods of my life. At just the _____27_____ moment, when I was looking for something, it walked in the door.”

We tend to assume that creativity _____28_____ with age. However, Dr. Goodenough’s story suggests that some people actually become more _____29_____ as they grow older.

10．A．teasedB．taughtC．threatenedD．warned

11．A．regionB．jobC．fieldD．experiment

12．A．showedB．readC．toldD．brought

13．A．hatedB．ignoredC．valuedD．took

14．A．discussionB．disagreementC．argumentD．quarrel

15．A．looked forB．searched forC．applied forD．waited for

16．A．helpsB．developsC．provesD．works

17．A．blow upB．spread outC．kill offD．speed up

18．A．formallyB．happilyC．widelyD．suddenly

19．A．electedB．titledC．sentD．awarded

20．A．successB．hobbyC．effortD．belief

21．A．hesitateB．struggleC．getD．come

22．A．give upB．set aboutC．keep onD．dream of

23．A．involvedB．boredC．satisfiedD．pleased

24．A．alreadyB．onlyC．alsoD．never

25．A．newsB．ideasC．chancesD．choices

26．A．windowsB．roadsC．heartsD．doors

27．A．possibleB．specialC．secretD．right

28．A．fadesB．improvesC．increasesD．connects

29．A．ambitious   B．creative        C．attractive        D．famous  

四、语法填空

Tu Youyou, a committed and __1__ (patience) scientist, was born in Ningbo, China. In 1967，the Chinese government __2__ (form) a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu was among the first researchers __3__ (choose). In 1969, she became __4__ head of the project in Beijing. She and her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and evaluated many __5__ (plant) for their medical properties. Later, __6__ (they) project got stuck. __7__，Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat. After __8__ (fail) more than 190 times, the team __9__ (final) succeeded in 1971. Tu made great contributions __10__ our human beings, and we all admire her a lot.

Grammar（1课时）

教学目标与核心素养：

知识目标：To find out the differences in form and functions between restrictive relative clauses and non-restrictive relative clauses.

能力目标：To introduce a great person using non-restrictive relative clauses.

情感目标：To express their own ideas and opinions using non-restrictive relative clauses.

教学重难点

教学重点：To introduce a great person using non-restrictive relative clauses.

教学难点：To express their own ideas and opinions using non-restrictive relative clauses.

课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔

教学过程：

一、Pre-class

1. Greeting

2. Leading-in

教师活动：Present a brief introduction about Tu Youyou to the students and guide them to understand the use of non-restrictive relative clauses by asking the following questions.  

1.Can you find any relative clauses?Underline them and name the types:the restrictive relative clauses or the non-restrictive ones.

2.Can you tell the differences in form between them?

Tu Youyou,who was born in Ningbo,China,on 30 Dec.1930,was a committed and patient scientist.Based on a medical text which suggested using sweet wormwood to treat malaria,she and her team drew out the artemisinin,for which she was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.Hundreds of thousands of lives are thought to be saved by artemisinin,which has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria.

活动目的： 导入新课

二、While-class

教师活动：介绍本课语法

非限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用，去掉后也不会影响对全句的理解，它与先行词之间往往用逗号隔开。

The summer holiday, which we're looking forward to, is drawing near.

我们所期盼的暑假即将到来。

一、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词

引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：

关系代词 which, who, whom, whose, as

关系副词when, where等Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses.

水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。

He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.

他将把野餐推迟到5月1日，那时他将有空。关系词在句中所作成分：

关系代词：主语、宾语、表语、定语

关系副词：状语

The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.

这个男孩，他的爸爸是一位工程师，学习很努力。

Once more I am in Boston, where I have not been for years.

我再次来到波士顿，我多年没来了。

二、as的用法

as 也可以作为关系代词引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，as在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。

（1）as 引导限制性定语从句时，主要用在固定搭配such. . .as, the same . . . as中。

He is not the same man as he was. 他和以前不一样了。

（2）as引导非限制性定语从句时，指代主句的内容，在从句中作主语或宾语，常译为“正如”。

Smoking is harmful to one's health, as is known to us all. 众所周知，吸烟有害健康。

（3）as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句前。

As I have pointed out, it is important to include vegetables in our diet.

正如我所指出的，蔬菜在日常饮食中很重要。

（4）as引导的非限制性定语从句常可看作固定结构，如：

as is known to us 众所周知

as is reported 正如所提及的那样

as we all know 众所周知

as has been said before 正如之前所说

三、使用非限制性定语从句时的注意事项

（1）that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。

在非限制性定语从句中，用who, whom指代人，用which 指代物。

She was very fond of speaking French, which indeed she spoke well.

她很喜欢讲法语，而且讲得确实很好。

（2）当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词、指示代词修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句。

They went to London, where they lived for six months.

他们去了伦敦，在那儿住了六个月。

（3）非限制性定语从句可以补充说明整个主句。

In the presence of so many people he was a little tense, which was understandable.

在那么多人面前他有点紧张，这是可以理解的。（4）非限制性定语从句表原因时，不用why引导，而用for which 代替why。

I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting.我已经告诉了他们我没有参加会议的原因。

四、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别

（1）形式不同

限制性定语从句与主句之间无逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号隔开。

This is the best passage that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最好的文章。

I read a passage last night, which is very interesting. 我昨天晚上读了一篇文章，它非常有趣。

（2）作用不同

限制性定语从句可以修饰名词或代词，与先行词关系密切，若缺少，句意则不完整。非限制性定语从句修饰名词或代词，也可以修饰整个句子，对先行词仅起补充说明作用，若缺少，句意仍相对完整。

Do you remember the man who taught us English? 你记得教我们英语的那个人吗？

She and her family bicycle to work, which helps them keep fit.

她和家人都骑车去上班，这有助于他们保持健康。

可通过以下两个例句对比理解两者的区别：

His brother who is 19 years old is serving in the army now.

他的一个19岁的哥哥正在部队服役。(他有不止一个哥哥）

His brother, who is 19 years old, is serving in the army now.

他的哥哥今年19岁，正在部队服役。(他只有一个哥哥）

（3）翻译不同

限制性定语从句的句子一般先译从句，后译先行词，即把从句放在先行词前，译为“……的＋先行词”。非限制性定语从句的句子一般先译主句，后译从句，形成两个分句。

He is the man who lives next to me. 他就是住在我隔壁的那个人。

He is a warm-hearted man, who lives next to me. 他是个热心肠的人，住在我的隔壁。

（4）关系词不同

关系代词 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。在限制性定语从句中，关系代词作宾语时可以省略；在非限制性定语从句中，所有关系词都不可省略。

Mr. White, whom you met yesterday, is one of my old friends.

你昨天遇到的怀特先生是我的一个老朋友。 (非限制性定语从句，whom在从句中作宾语，不能省略）

五、特殊结构“名词／代词＋of + which/whom”There are 30 chairs in the hall, most of which are new.

大厅里有三十把椅子，绝大部分是新的。六、关系代词、人称代词、指示代词的选择

关键是判断句子结构：

非限制性定语从句一选关系代词

并列句一选人称代词或指示代词He came late again and this made his boss angry.

他又迟到了，这使他的老板很生气。

This is my smart phone and it was bought yesterday.

这是我昨天买的智能手机。

I met Professor Xu, who told me the result of the election.

我遇到了许教授，他告诉了我选举的结果。

三、After-class

学生活动：

Write a few sentences about some great people with the information given below.Use relative clauses.And then share and evaluate the writing with each other.

Song Qingling

Dr Sun Yat-sen's wife;

one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history;

devoted her life to improving the welfare of women and children.

Neil Armstrong

The first man to land on the moon in July 1969;

“That's a small step for (a)man,one giant leap for mankind.”

Norman Bethune

Came to China in World War Ⅱ;

worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese people.

Lu Xun

A leading figure of modern Chinese literature;

Lu Xun Literary Prize—one of China���s top four literary prizes,awarded every three years.

Joan of Arc

A girl dressed as a man;went to fight for her country;helped drive the English invaders out of France.

参考答案：

Song Qingling,who was Dr Sun Yat-sen's wife and one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history,devoted her life to improving the welfare of women and children.

Neil Armstrong,who was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969,said,“That's a small step for (a)man,one giant leap for mankind.”

Norman Bethune,who came to China in World War Ⅱ,worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese people.

Lu Xun was a leading figure of modern Chinese literature.Lu Xun Literary Prize,which is one of China's top four literary prizes,is awarded every three years.

Joan of Arc,who was a girl dressed as a man,went to fight for her country and helped drive the English invaders out of France.

四、Summary

Aspect(方面)   Restrictive relative clauses   Non-restrictive relative clauses   

Form(形式)   No comma(,)is in front of the clause.   There is a comma(,)in front of the clause.   

Relative(关系词)   “That” is included.   “That” is forbidden to use.   

Function   ·A restrictive clause modifies the noun that precedes it in an essential way.·Restrictive clauses limit or identify such nouns and cannot be removed from a sentence without changing the sentence's meaning.   A non-restrictive clausedescribes a noun or a sentence in a nonessential way,givingextra information,an explanation,or acomment on a noun or a sentence.   

五．作业布置

完成优化设计语法练习

Writing（2课时）

教学目标与核心素养：

知识目标：让学生理解如何写人物传记。

能力目标：掌握人物传记的篇章结构和常用表达，完成人物传记的写作和展示。

情感目标：提升学生的写作兴趣。

教学重难点

教学重点：让学生学习人物传记的写作方法。

教学难点：让学生完成人物传记的写作。

课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔

教学过程：

第一课时

Using Language

一、 Leading-in

教师活动：引导学生谈谈对爱因斯坦的已有了解。教师可提问：

What do you know about Albert Einstein?

What words would you use to describe him?

What do you expect to read from the text?

二、While-class

1. 学生阅读语篇，验证预测内容，为每段设置一个小标题。

Give a topic for each paragraph

Paragraph   Topic   

1   Introduction (mainly about his great contributions and personal qualities)   

2   Early life/Education   

3   Work experience (the road to the new Isaac Newton)   

4   Turbulent mid-life   

5   His odd looks, three anecdotes (forgetfulness. love, humour)   

6   Death   

2. 学生活动：学生快速阅读语篇，完成时间轴：

What do you know about Albert Einstein? Read the text and complete the timeline.

(Suggested Answers:

1879-Born in Germany

1895-Tried but failed to enter university in Switzerland

1896-Entered university

1900-Graduated from university

1902-Took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office

1905-Earned a doctorate in physics

1909-Able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university

1922-Awarded the Nobel Prize

1933-Had to flee Germany

1955-Died in the United States)

3. 学生活动：分组讨论In pairs, discuss the following questions.

(1) Apart from his remarkable achievements, what does the passage tell us about Einstein's life?

(Though he was brilliant, he was also a person who faced struggles, for example, when he failed to pass his university entrance exam, when he failed to get a good job, and when he had to flee Germany.)

(2) What impressed you most about Einstein? State your reasons.

(I am impressed most by how friendly and easy he was to approach. Even when he was busy and did not want to be bothered, he still found a way to deal with people in gentleness and good humour.)

4. 学生活动：Study the organisation and language features.

(1) What type of writing is this text? How does the writer develop the text?

(The text is a biography, which is developed chronologically.)

Paragraph   Main idea   

1   General information about his greatest contribution and personal qualities   

2-4   His life story and achievements   

5   Appearance and personality   

6   Death   

(2) Find the descriptions that tell us what Einstein looked like and what kind of person he was.

(He had a thick moustache... received an electric shock. Although he was a genius, …his friends' birthdays. But despite... loved by his friends and neighbours. There is even a story... with her homework. In fact, ... help explain things. After many such… "Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein!")

(3) What rhetorical devices are used in the passage? Give examples.

analogy: as the new Isaac Newton; personification: (hair) stood on end;

simile: as though he had just received an electric shock;

metaphor: the doors of academic institutions; euphemism: passed away

5. 教师活动：介绍人物传记的写作方法。

人物传记

人物传记是记叙文体的一种，主要是写名人或伟人的生平及事迹。在文章篇幅安排上要对被描述对象的生平进行简要描述，主要篇幅要叙述其事迹或在某个领域作出的特殊贡献，最后简要地对该人物进行评价。

1.篇章结构

开头段：简要介绍生平（出生年月、出生地点、家庭背景等）

主体段：具体描述人物外貌、性格特点、教育经历、主要事迹等

结尾段：对人物作出整体评价一、个人简介的结构特征

2. 常用表达

(1) Birthday and birthplace

… was born on… in…

Born on…in…, …is a/an…

(2) Family background

sb was born in/ into a (n) rich/ poor/ ordinary family

… live/ lead/ have a happy/ hard life

as a child/when he (she) was young/ in his (her) childhood

with the help/ assistance of his (her) parents

be strict with

give him (her) support mentally and financially

(3) Education

graduate from… department of… university

be admitted to/ into… university

When in college, he (she) majored in (主修）…

go abroad for further study

receive/ get a bachelor's (学士）／master's(硕士）／doctor's（博士）degree

win the first prize

win a gold/ silver/ bronze medal

become a world champion

be awarded a medal for…

have a gift for/ be gifted in

(4) Events in life

work on

serve as

devote oneself to/ be devoted to/ devote all his/ her time and energy to

concentrate on

make up one's mind to do/ be determined to do

make great contributions to

fight for

be honoured with… for…

(5) Evaluation

be honoured as

be remembered as

be famous/ well-known/ noted as

set an example to sb/ set sb an example

be respected by everyone

speak/ think highly of

his/ her heroic story spread all over the country

第二课时

1. 学生活动：Write an introduction about someone you admire.

(1) Choose the person you are going to write about. It should be someone you think is great in some way. It can be an ordinary person, such as a parent, a relative, or a friend

(2) Make a list of things that need to be included in your introduction.

(3) Use your notes to write your introduction and sum up how you feel about this person.

2. 学生活动：Exchange your draft with a partner.

(1) Use the checklist to help you review your partner's draft.

Does the writer describe the person's appearance and personality?

Does the writer tell an impressive story of the person's life?

Does the writer say why the person is great?

Does the writer sum up how he/she feels about this person?

(2) Take your draft back and revise it.

Assessing Your Progress

1. 学生活动：Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box.

gentle   sum up   circumstance   encounter   novelist   patent

1 To our surprise, he was actually the ____________ and caring father of three children.

2 To ____________, his fame and wealth were gained through hard work and his in-depth knowledge of his business.

3 A genius for invention, Thomas Edison obtained scores of ____________.

4 Under no ____________ should we do terrible things to other people

5 As a botanist, he takes notes on the properties of any plant he ____________.

6 The first-person narrator is a stylistic device that has been used by ____________ many and poets throughout the ages.

(Answers: 1 gentle   2 sum up   3 patents   4 circumstances   5 encounters   6 novelists )

2. 学生活动：What do you know about Sun Yat-sen? Read the passage, and then fill in the blanks with relative pronouns or adverbs.

Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925) was widely considered to be the founder and forerunner of modern China. He was only in power for a short time, when he was president of the country in 1912. So it may seem odd to some people ____________ knowledge of China may be limited that he is such an important figure. However, his influence is not based on his time in office, but on his continuous struggle for a better society and his concern for all Chinese people. He also put forward many advanced ideas ____________ brought the Chinese people together, in particular, the Three Principles of the People. These principles were inspired by Lincoln, ____________ he admired, and were developed when he was travelling overseas, ____________ he went to find support for his country. The first principle is about nationalism, ____________ indicates that China should never be divided and should not be under any foreign control. The second is about people's rights. It means that all people have great value and should also have the same rights. The third is about people's livelihood, ____________ means that the government should create opportunities for people to make a good living.

(Answers: whose; which; who/ whom; where; which; which)

Summary

重点词汇：1. consequence 2. encounter 3. sum up 4. come to power

重点句型：独立主格结构；out of+名词短语；as though/as if引导的从句的语气

总结人物传记的写法。

作业布置

假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Jack想了解著名科学家屠呦呦的相关情况，请你根据以下要求给他写一封回信。

姓名：屠呦呦

国籍：中国

职业：药学家、科学家

兴趣爱好：自幼对传统中药兴趣浓厚

主要经历：

1. 1930年12月30日出生于浙江省宁波市；

2. 1951年考入北京医学院，主修制药专业；

3.毕业后接受中医培训两年半，并一直在北京从事中医工作；

4. 1971年成功发现并制成青蒿素；

5. 2015年10月5日，她被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，成为中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女性科学家。

注意：

1.词数100左右；信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：药学家 chemist

Dear Jack,

I am glad to hear that you would like to know something about the famous scientist Tu Youyou. Now, I will give you a brief introduction to her.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Wish you all the best!

Yours,

Li Hua

第一单元词汇过关（1课时）

一、拓展词汇变形

1.               adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→               vt. 承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→               n. 投入；承诺

2．              n. 结论；推论→               v. 下结论；得出结论

3．               vt. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→               n. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢

4．               adj. 温柔的；文静的→               adv. 温柔地；温和地

5．               vt.&vi. (使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n. 沸腾；沸点→               adj. 煮开的→               adj. 沸腾的

6．               adj. 非凡的；显著的→               adv.惊人地→               v．&n. 谈论；评论

7．               n. 结果；后果→              adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的→               adv. 结果；因此

8．               vt. 评价；评估→               n. 评价；评估

9.               adv. 显而易见；看来；显然→               adj. 显而易见的；明显的

10．               adv. 逐渐地；逐步地→              adj. 逐渐的

11．               vt. 分析→               n. 分析师；分析家→ n. 分析→(pl.)              12．               adj. 科学(上)的；关于科学的→               adv. 合乎科学地→               n. 科学→               n. 科学家

13．               adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的→ adv. 极其

14．               n. 理论；学说→               adj. 理论上的

15．              n. 小说家→               n. (长篇)小说

16．               n. 从政者；政治家；政客→               n. 政治→               adj. 与政治有关的

17．               n. 相对论；相对性→               adj. 相对的 n. 亲戚→               v. 叙述；使有联系；有关联

18.               vt. 推断；推定→               n. 推断；推论→/              /              (过去式/过去分词/现在分词)

19．               n. 酷爱；激情→               adj. 热情的；狂热的

20．               n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→              adj. 学业的；学术的→               adv. 学业上；学术上

21.               adj. 植物学的→               n. 植物学

22．               n. 目标；目的 adj. 客观的→               n. 物体v. 反对→(反)               adj. 主观的

23．               adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→               adj. 独特的；特别的；有特色的→               n. 清楚；清晰

二、核心短语互译

1.                         做出发现             2                      注意;重视

3.                      形成更好的印象      4.                        被授予给…

5.                          导致；通向       6.                      几十万；无数

7.                     成千上万的...；无数的...   8.                  死于；因…而死

9.                        成为…的重要组成部分   10.                    从…毕业

11.                       组成…的团队    12.                     以(做)…为目的

13.                     开始，开端；起初    14.               成为…的首领/负责人

15.                       在与…对抗/斗争中    16.                    建议做某事

17.                         从…提取/摘录       18.                    一批，一些

19.                        尝试做某事          20.get stuck                         

21.acknowledge defeat                            22.by chance                         

23.draw out                                     24.insisted on doing sth                         

25.test the medicine on sb                       26.make sure                         

27.according to                             28.team effort                         

29.other than                               30.relate to                         

三. 根据汉语提示用本单元词汇的正确形式填空

Faraday was the               (invent) of the electric generator and electric motor.Faraday’s father suffered from longtime health problems，as a result of              his family had little money to afford his formal schooling.But he was curious and determined to learn.While              (work) in London as a teenager，he had a chance to read               (vary) books that he could get his hands on.In 1812，he attended four lectures at the Royal Institution given by a famous chemist named Humphrey Davy.A year later Faraday                       

          (accept) as Davy’s lab assistant.Davy also took Faraday on              18month tour of Europe，where Faraday met some of the most famous scientists of the day.But for Davy，Faraday                (lose) the opportunity to gain a complete scientific education.He soon began to do               (experiment) with electricity.In 1831，he discovered electromagnetic induction.And for the next eight years Faraday worked long hours in the lab，which did harm               his health.By the end of the decade he was in               poor health that his research did not begin again until 1845.In the mid1850s，he was forced to retire and he lived at Hampton Court until his death on August 25,1867.